Shortness of Breath / Dyspnea
Dyspnea is the sensation of difficult, uncomfortable, or inadequate breathing. It can have many causes and should be evaluated in context.
Possible contributors
- Lung conditions such as asthma, COPD, pneumonia, or pulmonary fibrosis
- Heart conditions, anemia, deconditioning, medications, or anxiety
- Sleep-related breathing disorders
- Upper airway, allergy, sinus, or reflux-related contributors
Evaluation basics
Evaluation may include history, exam, oxygen assessment, lung function testing, imaging, laboratory tests, or sleep testing depending on the situation.
Warning signs
New, severe, rapidly worsening shortness of breath, chest pain, fainting, blue lips, confusion, or low oxygen should be evaluated urgently.